Undiagnosed sinus venosus atrial septal defect giving rise to eisenmenger syndrome: a case report

Atrial septal defects are communications of variable size that occur in the heart and allow interatrial shunting. We report a 49-year-old lady with sinus venosus type ASD, diagnosed by trans-esophageal echocardiography

[Effect of Heracleum persicum extract on acid and pepsin secretion level in both basic and stimulated conditions with pentagastrin in rat]

The Heraclleum persicum is widely used as an odorant in pickles around the world and particularly in Iran. As pickle is a gastric stimulator, the question is whether this plant which is used in making pickles, decreases gastric stimulation of this group of foods, or increases it, and in general, what is the cellular mechanism of this plant on acid and pepsin secretion. Therefore, in this study the effect of plant entrants on the secretion rate of acid and pepsin surveyed in the stomach in rats. This study involves two groups [12 in each group] of rats in experimental method [Control group and Heracleum group]. After anesthesia with nesdonal, 50 mg/kg IP, rats were gone under surgical process, tracheotomy, laparatomy and gasteroadeodenostomy and the Heraclleum extract [12.5 mg/kg] was send into the stomach from gasterodeodenostomy canula in Herculean group. The amount of both acid and pepsin in both basal and stimulated condition were significantly increased in heracleum group compared to control group [p<0.001]. Pentagastrin also increased acid and pepsin secretion in control group [p<0.001] and increased pepsin in heraclleum group [p<0.05] but did not significantly change in acid secretion in heraclleum group. The Heracleum persicum increases acid and pepsin secretion when is used in food regimen. Its extract also increases gastric acid secretion via blockage of gastric receptor. However, a different mechanism is involved in the increasing of pepsin secretion

effects of fumitory parviflora extract on gastric acid and pepsin secretion in rat

Fumitory-parviflora is a plant from papaveracea family that is used for treatment of some GI tract diseases. So far there hasn't been a study performed on the effects of extract of fumitory-parviflora on gastric acid and pepsin secretion. This study is designed to define the effect of the extract of fumitory-parviflora on basal and pentagastrin induced gastric acid and pepsin secretion in rat. Both of the groups were anesthetized with sodium thiopental. The test group received 600 mg/kg, IP fumitory-parviflora extract. After tracheostomy and laparotomy gastric effluents were collected by wash out technique in 15 minute intervals and total titrable acid was measured by acid titrator. The pepsin content was measured by Anson method. Pentagastrin [25 micro g/kg, IP] was used to stimulate the secretion of acid and pepsin The results of this experiment showed no significant differences between basal acid and pepsin secretion in group that received extracts of fumitory-parviflora in comparison to the control group. According to the results, there was a significant difference between amount of basal and stimulated acid secretion in the control group but not in the test group. There was significant increase of pepsin secretion after stimulation in comparison to basal state in both groups. Also this difference in the control group is significantly more than the test group. Fumitory-parviflora prohibts the stimulatory effect of pentagastrin on acid and pepsin secretion